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25. Other operating expenses


31/12/2025

31/12/2024

€ 000

€ 000

Housing expenses

62,002

61,678

Operating, repair and maintenance expenses

38,679

38,292

Selling expenses

12,416

7,107

Car expenses

5,266

5,653

Restructuring and closure costs

15,090

-

General expenses

33,277

35,708

Shipping expenses

141,353

134,096

Total

308,083

282,534

Restructuring Olympia

Royal A-ware initiated a plan in May 2025 to cease operations at its Olympia facility. This site forms part of a larger cash-generating unit and does not represent a major line of business or geographical area. The closure reflects structural changes in demand and Royal A-ware's objective to consolidate manufacturing. The closure is expected to be completed in 2026. This closure does not meet the criteria for classification as a discontinued operation under IFRS 5 and is presented within continuing operations. The costs related to the closure are recognised as a provision under IAS 37 (Note 17).

The provision includes termination benefits (IAS 19) for employees whose employment is being terminated as a direct result of the closure. The obligation for termination benefits was recognised when Royal A-ware had a formal plan for the restructuring. The amounts recognised during the year are included under ‘Restructuring and closure costs’.

The provision furthermore includes other operating expenses related to the closure, including costs that are incurred as a direct result of the closure of Olympia that are not associated with the ongoing activities of the entity. These costs primarily consist of contract terminations and are included under ‘Restructuring and closure costs’.